New research from the University of Aberdeen suggests that developing oil and gas resources west of Shetland, could actually play a role in reducing emissions during the transition to a lower-carbon energy system.
The peer-reviewed study highlights the region as the largest remaining offshore energy opportunity on the UK Continental Shelf, with an estimated 4.7 billion barrels of oil equivalent still to be discovered.
Researchers argue that domestic production could help reduce reliance on imported fuels, which are often associated with higher lifecycle emissions and greater transport-related carbon impacts.
The findings come as the UK continues its journey towards net zero while balancing energy security and affordability.
According to the study, imports of hydrocarbons and petroleum products are at their highest levels since the 1970s, increasing concerns around emissions, supply chain resilience and exposure to global market volatility.
Researchers say natural gas is likely to remain part of our energy mix beyond 2050, supporting electricity generation and industrial processes while renewable energy capacity continues to expand. They argue that sourcing these fuels domestically could help deliver a more controlled and sustainable transition.
Professor Nick Schofield of the University of Aberdeen said: “West of Shetland is not a depleted frontier – it is a technically demanding but strategically important energy province. Our study highlights the remaining oil and gas potential in the area, which could extend the life of the UK’s oil and gas sector.”
The study also calls for a bespoke fiscal framework to reflect the higher costs and technical challenges of operating west of Shetland.
Researchers believe this could unlock investment while supporting jobs, existing infrastructure and lower-emission domestic energy production.
Professor John Underhill added: “Failing to develop these domestic resources risks increasing the UK’s dependence on imports, with implications for emissions, costs, jobs, tax revenues and energy security.”
The report concludes that combining domestic energy production with continued investment in low-carbon technologies could strengthen energy security while supporting the UK’s long-term sustainability goals.
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